HOFFMAN ESTATES, United States — Sears Holdings Chairman Eddie Lampert's ESL Investments has made an offer valued at $4.6 billion to buy the bankrupt US retailer, one of the only options that would prevent the department store chain from shutting its doors for good.

Lampert's offer calls for about 500 Sears stores to remain open and would keep 50,000 of the retailer's workers employed, according to a letter from his hedge fund filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Thursday.

The 125-year-old company faces a series of deadlines this month to find a buyer that would keep it in business as some of its creditors call for it to shut down, claiming they would be repaid more through going-out-of-business sales.

Preliminary indications of interest for Sears assets were due Wednesday, according to court papers.

Many retailers that have filed for bankruptcy in recent years, including toy seller Toys R Us and department store Bon-Ton Stores, have liquidated after no viable offers to keep the companies open were made.

ESL's takeover bid features financing from a variety of sources and a complicated structure not uncommon in bankruptcy auctions. For starters, the hedge fund proposes to raise up to $1.7 billion in cash through a series of manoeuvres that include Sears seeking a new loan backed by collateral and issuing new notes.

The hedge fund, the retailer's largest shareholder and creditor, would also forgive $1.8 billion Sears owes it in exchange for the company's assets, a bankruptcy manoeuvre known as credit bidding. Finally, ESL would assume $1.1 billion in existing Sears liabilities, such as gift cards the department-store chain issued.

Lampert's hedge fund has been working on a bid for Sears since the company filed for bankruptcy in October. The hedge fund manager was the chief executive of Sears until it filed for bankruptcy.

In his bid, ESL also proposes to acquire Sears Auto Centers, appliance brand Kenmore, battery line DieHard and the retailer’s home services division, the largest US appliance repair provider, the letter said.

The retailer is attracting interest from outsiders, and Sears' attorneys have said they will analyse bids to maximise value. Retailer Ace Hardware Corp and investment firm Centerbridge Partners were together eyeing an offer for Sears' home services division, Reuters reported this week.

Firms that specialise in going-out-of-business sales, so-called liquidators, were also expected to make preliminary offers to shut Sears down, according to sources familiar with the matter.

Sears clinched a $350 million loan from creditor Cyrus Capital Partners in November to help it stay in business through the holidays.

By Soundarya J, Jessica DiNapoli and Mike Spector; editor: Saumyadeb Chakrabarty and Steve Orlofsky.